Wednesday, May 1, 2019

Adhimātraṃ | "of the form of syllables"

Adhimatram

Adhimātraṃ (IAST)
Translation: "of the form of syllables"
From Mandukya Upanishad (Verse 8)

A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Monier-Williams)
Sanskrit: अधि-मात्रम्
Transliteration: adhi-mātram 
Translation: "on the subject of prosody"

Mundaka and Mandukya Upanishads (Swami Sharvananda)
Sanskrit: अधिमात्रं
Transliteration: adhimātraṃ
Translation: "of the form of syllables"

The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad (Swami Krishnananda)
Sanskrit: अधिमात्रम्
Transliteration: Adhimātram
Commentary: "It is also the Lord over the three syllables, A, U, M, which may be compared with the three states described of the ĀtmanJāgrat (waking), Svapna (dream), Suṣhupti (sleep). This Supreme Ātman as the designated is comparable with Om with its Mātrā(s), A, U, M, and we have to learn now how these syllables are comparable with the three states. And, also, just as there is a fourth transcendent state beyond the three states of the Ātman, there is a transcendent state of Om, too, beyond the three syllables, A, U, M. As there are four states of consciousness, there are four states of Omkāra, each one, respectively, comparable with its corresponding counterpart."


References:
  1. Monier-Williams, Monier (1899). A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European languages. Oxford: Clarendon Press
  2. Sharvananda, Swami (1920). Mundaka and Mandukya Upanishads: With Sanskrit Text; Paraphrase with Word-For-Word Literal Translation, English, Rendering and Comments. Mylapore, Madras: Sri Ramakrishna Math
  3. Krishnananda, Swami (1996). The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad. Retrieved from https://www.swami-krishnananda.org/mand_0.html. p. 91.